模拟增温及免耕对冬小麦生长的影响

Effects of Simulated Warming and No Tillage on Growth of Winter Wheat

试验设置常温+翻耕(CK)、夜间增温+翻耕(W)、常温+免耕(NT)、夜间增温+免耕(WNT)4种处理,研究夜间增温和免耕处理对冬小麦(Triticum aestivumL.)生长的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,W处理下冬小麦生物量显著增加,增幅为3.2%~12.7%,同时W处理的冬小麦的氮素累积、叶绿素SPDA值、叶面积、光合速率也有一定程度的增幅,产量构成中千粒重与每平米穗数显著增加,且产量增加显著,增幅达24.4%。NT处理下,冬小麦的各项生理指标比CK都有一定增加,产量构成因子也都有显著增加,其中每平米穗数增长最为显著,增幅达10.7%。WNT处理下,冬小麦受到的影响程度要远大于W和NT单一处理,其产量显著高于其他3种处理,比CK增产53%。由此可知,夜间增温和免耕都能促进冬小麦的生长。因此,在夜间土壤温度增高条件下同时采用免耕对冬小麦生长具有有利影响。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of increasing night temperature and no tillage on the growth of winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)in4treatm ents,induding normal temperature and tillage(CK)increasing night temperature and tillage(W),norm al temperature and no tillage(NT),increasing night temperature and no tillage(W NT).The results showed that,com pared with CK,W treatment of winter wheat biomass increased significantly,an increase of3.2%~12.7%,while W treatment of winter wheat nitrogen accum ulation,chlorophyll SPDA value,leaf area,photosynthetic rate also has a certain degree of growth,yield and grain weight per square meter per spike significantly increased,and the yield increased significantly an increase of24.4%.Under NT treatm ent,the physiological indexes of winter wheat increased compared with C K,and the yield components also increased significantly.The panicle number per square meter was the most significant,with an increase of10.7%.Under WNT treatm ent,the influence degree of winter wheat was much higher than that of W and NT.The yield of winter wheat was significantly higher than that of other3treatm ents,and the yield was53%higher than that of CK.It can be seen that night warming and no tillage can promote the growth of winter wheat.Therefore,under the condition of increasing soil temperature at night,no tillage at the same time has a favorable effect on the growth of winter wheat.