阳离子型表面活性剂与非离子型聚合物相互作用减阻研究

Investigation on the Drag Reduction by Interaction of Cationic Surfactant with Nonionic Polymer

为探究表面活性剂与聚合物相互作用的减阻效果,对阳离子型表面活性剂CTAC和非离子型聚合物PAM的纯溶液和混合溶液进行湍流减阻实验测量。结果表明:表面活性剂CTAC溶液中加入不同浓度非离子型PAM,混合溶液减阻的临界温度均相同但低于相应纯CTAC溶液的临界温度,而超过临界温度后混合溶液减阻能力的下降趋势更缓;各个温度下混合溶液的减阻稳定区和纯CTAC溶液基本一致,且减阻稳定区内的摩擦系数也都相同;在超过临界雷诺数的减阻破坏区,混合溶液减阻效果更好,且PAM浓度升高,溶液减阻能力增强。提出了表面活性剂胶束联结在聚合物长链上形成了内部交联密集、结构稳定的混合网状结构模型,应用此模型合理解释了CTAC溶液中加入非离子型PAM形成的混合溶液的湍流减阻现象。

To investigate the drag reduction effect of the interaction of surfactant with polymer,turbulent drag reduction tests with pure cationic surfactant CTAC and nonionic polymer PAM and their mixed solutions were carried out.As nonionic polymer PAM with different concentrations were added into the CTAC solution,the critical temperatures for drag reduction of the mixed solutions were all the same,but below the one for the corresponding pure CTAC solution.And the drag reduction tendency of the mixed solution decreased more slowly when exceeding the critical temperature.Both the drag reduction stable zones of the mixed solutions and the friction coefficient in the stable zones were basically the same as that of the pure CTAC solution at each temperature.The mixed solution’s drag reduction ability was good even in the drag reduction damage zones,and this ability could be enhanced with the increase of PAM concentrations.Surfactant micelles were attached to the polymer chains,forming stable mixed network structures because of the dense inner cross linkings.Turbulent drag reduction phenomena of the mixed solutions can be well explained using the mixed network structure model.