论西南少数民族水文化的社会功能

On the Social Functions of Ethnic Water Culture in Southwest China

西南少数民族水文化是西南各族人民千百年来不断适应自然而创制的一系列物质、技术与制度的文化综合体,主要包括水信仰、水技术与水制度等主要内涵。西南少数民族水文化自然流淌于西南少数民族社会生活的方方面面,从文化功能论观察,西南少数民族水文化发挥着生态系统维系、物质生产促进、宗教精神寄托、民族文化传承与地域社会整合等相关社会功能。在日常具体的水事实践当中,以上几重社会功能同时联动发挥,对作为一个生态共同体的西南少数民族产生一种集生态、社会与文化于一体的综合效能。传承、保护西南少数民族水文化,要确保持续发挥水文化的原生功能,这不仅对当前人-水紧张关系的缓和有所启示,而且能为边疆民族团结、生态和谐社会构建提供借鉴。

Created by southwest ethnic groups to adapt to the nature for thousands of years,southwest ethnic water culture is a cultural complex of a series of material,technology and institutions.It includes the main connotations of water belief,water technology and water institutions.Observed from a perspective of cultural functionalism,southwest ethnic water culture flows into the social life of southwest ethnic groups,which has functions in natural ecological maintenance,material production promotion,religious spirit ballast,ethnic cultural inheritance and regional social integration.In daily water practice,these functions simultaneously interact with a comprehensive effectiveness of ecology,society and culture.Southwest ethnic water culture should be inherited and safeguarded to ensure its primary functions,which not only helps ease the tension of relations between human and water,but also provides a valuable reference to the ethnic unity of frontier society and the construction of ecological harmonious society.