辽宁省城区居民主要慢性病流行现况及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of main chronic diseases among urban residents in Liaoning Province

目的了解辽宁省城区居民主要慢性病流行现况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法,在辽宁省14个城区抽取31 825名常住居民进行问卷调查及体格检查,采用Logistic回归模型对主要慢性病患病的影响因素进行分析。结果共发放问卷31 825份,回收有效问卷30 953份,问卷有效率为97.26%。辽宁省城市居民慢性病患病率为39.25%,标化患病率为32.29%。慢性病患病率前三位依次为高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常,标化患病率分别为21.13%,9.48%和5.25%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄增加(OR:1.266~7.325)、超重或肥胖(OR:1.107~2.982)是高血压、糖尿病患病和血脂异常的共同危险因素,且3种慢性病互为危险因素(OR:2.424~3.121);低收入(OR=1.320,95%CI:1.241~1.404)、吸烟(OR=1.123,95%CI:1.038~1.215)、饮酒≥1次/周(OR=1.102,95%CI:1.003~1.212)、盐摄入过多(OR=1.118,95%CI:1.056~1.184)是高血压患病的危险因素,女性(OR=0.884,95%CI:0.830~0.941)、高中及以上文化程度(OR:0.675~0.785)、身体活动量≥6千步当量(OR=0.870,95%CI:0.818~0.926)是高血压患病的保护因素;油摄入过多(OR=1.243,95%CI:1.153~1.339)是糖尿病患病的危险因素,身体活动量≥6千步当量(OR=0.843,95%CI:0.777~0.915)是糖尿病患病的保护因素;高中及以上文化程度(OR:1.404~1.888)、高收入(OR=2.335,95%CI:1.804~3.022)、吸烟(OR=1.212,95%CI:1.073~1.369)、饮酒≥1次/周(OR=1.298,95%CI:1.124~1.500)是血脂异常的危险因素。结论高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常是影响辽宁省城市居民健康的主要慢性病,年龄增加、超重或肥胖是其共同的危险因素,且这3种慢性病相互影响,应针对重点人群和危险因素采取相应防治措施。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of main chronic diseases and explore its influencing factors among urban residents in Liaoning Province.Methods Using multistage stratified and cluster random sampling method,30953urban residents of14districts were investigated with a standard questionnaire and physical examination.The logistic regression was applied to explore the influencing factors of main chronic diseases.Results The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was39.25%and the standardized prevalence rate was32.29%.The top three chronic diseases were hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and dyslipidemia,and the standardized prevalence rates were21.13%,9.48%and5.25%.The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the three chronic diseases shared older age(OR:1.266-7.325)and overweight or obesity(OR:1.107-2.982)as the risk factors.In addition,there existed certain interactions among hypertension,diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia(OR:2.424-3.121).Conclusion Hypertension,diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia which shared older age,overweight and obesity as the risk factors are the main chronic diseases to damage the health of urban residents in Liaoning.The corresponding prevention and treatment strategies should be taken based on the key groups and related influencing factors.