顺义区孕妇雾霾危害及防护行为调查

Cognition and response of haze in pregnant women in Shunyi District,Beijing

目的了解北京市顺义区孕妇雾霾危害知晓情况及采取的防护措施,为开展孕妇预防雾霾危害健康教育提供依据。方法选取2016年12月到顺义区4家医院产科门诊就诊且已在顺义区居住满6个月的孕妇,采用自行设计的调查问卷对其雾霾危害知识、知识获取途径及雾霾防护措施等进行现场调查。结果共发放问卷345份,回收问卷320份,有效问卷308份,问卷有效率为96.25%。被调查的孕妇都认为雾霾对呼吸系统有严重危害;52.27%(161/308)的孕妇认为雾霾对心血管系统产生危害。79.22%(244/308)的孕妇外出时总是佩戴口罩;100.00%(308/308)的孕妇在雾霾天气会减少开窗通风时间。获取有关雾霾信息和防护知识途径主要有手机(83.12%)、互联网(44.16%)和电视(23.38%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,认为雾霾对胎儿健康有危害(OR=0.12,95%CI:0.031~0.446)是孕妇采取雾霾防护措施的正向影响因素。结论顺义区孕妇对雾霾知识认知较高,雾霾天气采取防护措施的影响因素是认为雾霾对胎儿健康有危害。

Objective The present study was conducted to investigate the perception of haze among pregnant women and to provide basis for developing interventions.Methods A pregnant woman who has been living in Shunyi district for at least six months has been selected as the subject of investigation.A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct field investigation.Results A total of320questionnaires were collected,including308valid questionnaires and96.25%effective questionnaires.In terms of the cognitive aspects of haze,pregnant women think that there is a serious harm to the respiratory system,and 52.27%(161/308)of pregnant women think that the haze is harmful to the cardiovascular system.In the area of haze protection,79.22%(244/308)of pregnant women wear masks when they go out.Pregnant women who are in the haze of100.00%(308/308)will reduce window ventilation time.Access to information about haze information and protection knowledge is mainly including mobile phones(83.12%),network(44.16%)and TV(23.38%).The multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that the haze was harmful to the health of the fetus(OR=0.12,95%CI:0.031-0.446),which was the influencing factor of the pregnant women's haze protection measures.Conclusion Pregnant women in Shunyi District have higher awareness of haze knowledge,and the influencing fact of the measures on the haze weather is the cognition that the haze is harmful to the health of the fetus.