《论语》今读:哲学视野下的“学以成人”

A New Interpretation about the Analects of Confucius:The Concept of “Learn to be adult” in View of Philosophy

哲学是一门刨根问底的学问,但思辨却不是哲学的标配。在"未知生,焉知死"的反问下,《论语》把我们的目光引向"如何生",孔子以"仁"为核心向人们讲述了"学以成人"的哲学问题。"成人"是一个学习和接受教育的过程,目的在于通过学习和接受教育使个人达至"仁"的品性。在"成人"的过程中既要守护住真性情(孝悌),又要修养自己的德性,从而使言行符合"礼"的标准。"成人"的关键是在主观能动性作用下的自觉、自悟。

Philosophy is a study delving into the origins of everything,however,speculative thinking should not be seen as necessary for it.Posing the question of“how do we know the value of life if we don’t know the significance of live”,the Analects of Confucius turns people’s attention to“how to live”.Confucius tells people the philosophy of“learning to be adult”with“benevolence”as the core.“Learning to be adult”is a process of learning and receiving education,which aims to foster the benevolent character of people.When learn to be adult,people should not only keep one’s true nature(filial piety),but also cultivate virtues,so that their words and deeds finally meet the ritual standards.The key to“learn to be adult”is self-consciousness and self-enlightenment under the effect of subjective initiative.