山西省县域乡村性空间格局及其演变

Rural Spatial Pattern in Counties of Shanxi Province and its Revolution

采用熵值法从城镇人口聚落、社会经济和土地利用方面对山西省96个县市2005和2011年两个时期的乡村性进行测度,并借助Arc GIS10.0软件和Geo-da探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)对乡村性空间差异的变化特征与规律进行分析。结果表明:(1)县域乡村性减弱但各县市差距扩大;乡村性空间格局总体保持稳定,乡村性弱的县市多分布在中南部,位于汾河谷地、铁路沿线,乡村性强的县市多分布在东西北部的山地地区。(2)乡村性存在一定的空间自相关且集聚中心不断强化,冷热点空间格局基本保持稳定,热点区分布在大同东北部、忻州西南、吕梁北部、运城西南、临汾西部,冷点区主要分布在太原、吕梁、晋中交汇处以及晋城、长治交汇处。(3)产业发展、交通区位、资产投资及空间近邻效应是影响山西县域乡村性空间分异的主要因素。

Based on the entropy method,this paper estimates the comprehensive level of rurality in Shanxi province in2005and2011from the aspects of population and settlement,social and economic and land use.Then,with the ArcGIS10.0software and ESDA method,the paper studies geographic distribution and evolution of rurality.And the results are as follows.(1)As time goes by,While the rurality of most counties lower,the gap of rurality widens.The levels of rurality are quite different in the spatial distribution,but evolvement of spatial pattern is stable:the low levels of rurality are found to be mainly in the south-central of the province along railway line,while the areas with higher are located in mountain areas.(2)While the level of rurality showed a stronger spatial autocorrelation,the holistic pattern of the comprehensive level of rurality keeps stable.The hot-spot areas are located in the northeast of Datong,southwest of Xinzhou,north of Lvliang,southwest of Yuncheng and west of Linfen,at the same time the cold zones are found to be mainly at the interface of Taiyuan,Lvliang,and Jinzhong,and the interface of Jincheng and Changzhi.(3)Finally,regional industry development,convenient traffic,investment as well as spatial neighbor effect are the main driving factors of the spatial differentiation of the comprehensive level of rurality in Shanxi province.