培根的“新工具”、法律格言与普通法的近代化

Bacon's “New method”、Maxims of the Law and the Modernization of Common Law

经验归纳法作为弗朗西斯·培根哲学方法论的"新工具",既代表着与亚里士多德式的传统"工具论"的对立,也承载着培根对于经院哲学的"反叛"态度。经验归纳法不仅是培根在哲学上的探索,也在其法律观和法学思想中得以贯彻,这尤其体现在培根的《法律格言》中。对《法律格言》的深入分析和解读,能够更为透彻地理解培根的"新工具"对后世法律认识和普通法近代化的深刻影响。

Baconian method,as the“New method”of Francis Bacon,s philosophical methodology,is not only antagonistic to Aristotle,s“Organum”,but conveying Bacon,s“rebellious”spirit to Scholasticism.Baconian method,the outcome of Bacon5s exploration in philosophy,is carried through in his legal concept and thinking.It is especially embodied in his work“Maxims of the Law”.A thorough analysis and interpretation of the“Maximsof the Law”is conducive to an incisive understanding of the profound impact of Baconian method on the legal cognition of later generations and the modernization of common law.