因人因地制宜的法律传统及其当代演变:以清代盗律为中心的考察

The Model of Laws Change According to Places and Characters in Traditional and Modern Times:from the Perspective of Dao Lv in Qing Dynasty

《大清律例》盗律各门中的例文涉及颇多特别人群与特别地域,对特别人群的盗行为及在特别地域发生的盗行为制定特别的处理规范,并在实践中加以施行。这些规范呈现出处罚加重、规则复杂、轻重失衡三个特点。我国当代亦存在类似的立法模式(广义而言包括法律、司法解释、刑事政策等),尽管古今立法并不同源,且具体规则相差甚远,但由于立法意旨之相通——因人、因地制宜,遂亦呈现出类似的规则复杂、轻重失衡的特点(但并未加重处罚)。这类立法模式一定程度冲击了国家法制的统一与协调,故应对其采更加克制、谨慎的态度。

There are many particular places and people in Dao Lv in the Qing Code,which comes with particular rules for them.These rules are severe,complex and sometimes illogical.There are similar legislative models in contemporary laws,including laws,judicial interpretation and criminal policy.This kind of rules in nowadays is also complex and sometimes illogical,but not severe,even though there are many differences between traditional and modern laws.This legislative model to some extent is against the unity and coordination of national legal system,and thus should be treated with restraint and caution.