现代主权理论与主权切割方法在国际服务贸易主权分析中的应用——以跨国高等教育服务贸易为例

Applying Modern Sovereignty Theory and Sovereignty Ceding Method to Sovereignty Analysis in International Service Trade:Taking Chinese Transnational Higher Education Service Trade for Example

针对当前国际服务贸易中的主权理论失语困境,本文引进了国际法权威约翰·H·杰克逊的现代主权理论和主权切割分析方法,以跨国高等教育服务为例,阐释如何以新的视角分析和解决国际服务贸易中的主权问题。该视角的核心是打破对主权的整体论或分层论思维定势,建立基于具体事项的权力分配思维。具体来说,就是把主权视为一组在实践中运用的、具有可切割性的权力,讨论贸易国家之间就每一具体事项在法律和实践层面所形成的权力程度的分配,而不是权力种类的分配。

In view of the dilemma facing the current sovereignty theory as far as the international service trade is concerned,we introduce in this paper the modern sovereignty theory and sovereignty ceding method put forward by John H.Jackson,a famous international law professor.Taking transnational higher education trade for an example,we illustrate how to apply the new theory and method to analyzing and solving the issue of sovereignty in the international service trade.The core of this new perspective is to break the old thinking of holism or stratification of sovereignty,and to establish the idea of power distribution based on specific matters.Specifically,the sovereignty is regarded as a group of separable powers operable in practice.That is,what is at issue is the distribution of the degree rather the type of power between the trading partners concerning each specific matter in the legal and practical aspects of the trade.