美国网络空间战略的安全化问题研究

Securitization study on U.S cyberspace strategy

为了探讨适合我国的网络空间安全战略,论文采用安全研究的战略研究方式,以社会建构主义视角分析了美国网络空间安全战略对网络安全问题安全化的影响,同时使用了哥本哈根学派所使用的"言语行为"(Speech Act)方法,提出美国政府作为安全化的施动者,通过其权威、社会资源和诸如"网络珍珠港"、"电子9·11"等话语,以及将中国政府塑造成危害自由商业竞争的网络攻击发起者,向作为安全化受众的美国大众要求超越一般政治规则的权力,如侵犯信息自由权和隐私权,增加网络军费开支进行网络部队建设,要求总统在紧急情况下关闭互联网的权力等,并改变了政府和民众之间的安全关系,尤其是信息技术专家和私营部门经营者之间的关系。

In order to find out cyberspace security strategy suitable for China.The paper uses the strategystudy paradigm of security study,analyses the influences of the United States Cyberspace security strategyfrom the constructivism perspective,and applies the method of speech act used by Copenhagen school.Asthe securitization agent,the American government coined phrases such as the“Cyber Pearl Harbor”and“Digital9/11”and charged the Chinese government for being behind hackings of American corporations’websites.Through these rhetoric discourses,normal political rules and structure such as legislation became marginal;more military budget is devoted to the building of a cyber army;information freedom and the privacy of citizens remain the price to pay for a more secured national security environment.The securitization altered the relationship between the government and the public,the most pertinent audience being information experts and those who work in the private sector.