不同垂直骨面型骨性Ⅲ类错牙合唇颏部软组织形态特征研究

Study on Characteristics among the Lip and Chin Soft Tissue in Skeleton Class Ⅲ Different Vertical Skeletal Types

目的:比较成人不同垂直骨面型骨性Ⅲ类患者唇、颏部软组织形态特征的差异。方法:随机选取在哈尔滨医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科就诊的成年骨性Ⅲ类患者分为高角(SN-MP>40°,FH-MP>32°)、均角(29°≤SN-MP≤40°,22°≤FH-MP≤32°)、低角(SN-MP<29°,FH-MP<22°)三组,每组各有男女20例,共120例。在头颅侧位定位片上进行X线头影测量,采用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析方法,比较各组间的差异。结果:在成人骨性Ⅲ类患者中,高、均、低角患者的上、下唇基部厚度,上、下唇厚度和长度在男、女性别之间有统计学差异,男性大于女性(P<0.05);在男性或女性患者中,不同垂直骨面型之间,有11项测量指标具有统计学差异(P<0.05),差异主要在高角组。与均角和低角组相比,高角组患者的上、下唇更长(Sn-Stms、Stmi-Si)(P<0.05),唇间隙更大(Stms-Stmi)(P<0.05),鼻基底部更加凹陷[A,-(Sn-UL)](P<0.05),上唇更上翻(Cm-Sn-UL、A,-UL-FH)(P<0.05),下唇更平直更突出[LL-(Sn-Pog,)、Si-LL-FH](P<0.05),颏唇沟较浅、颏部曲线较平坦[Si-(LL-Pog,)、LL-Si-Pog,、Si-Pog,-FH](P<0.05)。结论:在成人不同垂直骨面型骨性Ⅲ类患者中,男性唇厚度、长度普遍大于女性,高角患者的侧貌更加不协调。

Objective To compare the differences of the lip and chin soft tissue profile characteristics in adult skeleton classⅢvertical facial skeletal types.Methods The adult patients with skeleton classⅢmalocclusion were randomly selected from orthodontic department of stomatological hospital of Harbin Medical University.These patients were divided into three groups:high angle group(SN-MP>40°,FH-MP>32°),medium angle group(29°≤SN-MP≤40°,22°≤FH-MP≤32°)and low angle group(SN-MP<29°,FH-MP<22°).Each group included20males and20females respectively.The cephalometry was conducted by X ray skull lateral projection.The comparison of differences among the groups was conducted by Independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA.Results There were statistical differences between male and female patients with skeleton classⅢmalocclusion in above-mentioned three groups.Moreover,the figures in the upper and lower lip base thickness,upper and lower lip thickness and length of male patients were larger than those of females(P<0.05).In addition,there were11measurement items having statistical differences in either male or female patients with different vertical skeletal types in each group(P<0.05).This kind of difference mainly existed in the high angle group.Compared with medium angle group and low angle group,the data in high angle group indicated that the upper and lower lip were much longer(Sn-Stms、Stmi-Si,P<0.05),the labial space was much larger(Stms-Stmi,P<0.05),the bottom of the nasal base was more depressed(A,-(Sn-UL),P<0.05),upper lip was more upturn(Cm-Sn-UL,A,-UL-FH,P<0.05),the lower lip was more straight and protruding(LL-(Sn-Pog,)、Si-LL-FH,P<0.05),the chin lip sulcus was more shallow and the chin curve was more flat[(Si-(LL-Pog,),LL-Si-Pog,,Si-Pog,-FH,P<0.05)].Conclusion Among the adult patients with skeleton classⅢmalocclusion different vertical skeletal types,the lip thickness and length of male patients are much larger than those of female patients.Moreover,the facial profile of high angle patients is more uncoordinated.