论乌江流域土家族哭嫁歌的文化内涵

On the Cultural Connotations of Bride Crying Songs of Tujia Nationality along Wujiang Basin

乌江流域土家族哭嫁歌源于土家族女性对其生活的真切体验以及婚姻的不自由,反映了土家族奇特的婚姻习俗,是一部形象而生动的土家族婚俗史诗,具有丰富的文化内涵。概而言之,其文化内涵主要包括以下五个方面:一是感激父母养育之恩,倾诉骨肉离别之情;二是控诉封建包办婚姻,谴责社会男尊女卑;三是身份转换担忧前途,惶恐不安理所当然;四是感谢村寨左邻右舍,热情帮忙操办婚礼;五是追求男女婚姻自由,向往婚后幸福生活。

The bride crying songs derive fromwomen’s life experience and their illiberality of marriage,a kind of special marriage customofTujia nationality as well as a vivid and living marriage epic of Tujia nationality,which bears abundant cultural connotations.Onthe whole,the cultural connotations consist of the following five aspects:the first one is to showtheir thanks to parents’upbringing andto express their feelings of departure;the second is to criticize the arranged marriage and inequality between man and woman;the thirdis to worry about their future after marriage;the fourth is to extend their warmthanks to their neighbors for the help in the marriage;andthe fifth is to show their free pursuit of love and to look forwards to the happy life after marriage.