美国早期受众思想的欧洲溯源

The European Origin of the Early Thought about Audiences in the United States

欧洲一些思想家对美国早期受众思想的走向有着深刻影响。他们关于"公众"、"群集"等概念的论述和思考在美国被不同程度地继承。洛克的自由主义与塔尔德对于公众、受众的乐观主义倾向深深影响了芝加哥学派。而早期贵族主义大众社会理论则不经意间为持受众易被操纵观念的人提供了依据,也对帕克和布鲁默的相关研究颇有启发。

Some European ideologists has a profound influence upon the early thought about audiences in the United States.Their discussions and reflections on the concepts of"public"and"crowds"were inherited in different degrees in the United States.Locke's liberalism and Tarde's tend of optimism about audiences and public deeply affected the Chicago School.And the aristocratic criticism of mass society provided the basis inadvertently to the theory holders who thought the audience can be manipulated easily and inspired the research of Park and Blumer.