基于夏普利值的企业纵向非一体化战略模型研究

Study on Vertical Non-integrated Strategic Model Based on Sharply Value

如果上下游企业之间不选择纵向一体化而选择合作,则企业之间的关系将变为合作博弈关系。在合作博弈理论框架下,可基于夏普利值建构模型以分析此类现象。其作用在于:一是为审视上下游企业之间的供应链关系提供新的视角,即上下游企业不一定进行合并,也可通过合作博弈达到共赢;二是发现上下游企业之间如果遵循夏普利值解决方案,则可实现利益分配的公平性,从而实现所创造总价值的帕累托最优;三是发现夏普利值可测量上下游企业之间各方谈判力的大小,不同参与者在讨价还价过程中的谈判力取决于被最需要的程度,供应商因其专用性投资而形成的议价能力使企业之间的合作成为可能,从而企业福利最大化目标得以实现。

If the enterprises of upstream and downstream do not choose vertical integration but choose to cooperate,then the relationship between enterprises will become a cooperative game relationship.Under the cooperative game theory framework,the model based on Shapley Value is to analyze such phenomena.The effect beyond is shown as first,it provides new perspective to view the supply chain relationship between upstream and downstream enterprises,namely,rather than vertical integration,game relationship can achieve mutual benefits.Second,if Shapley Value solutions are followed between upstream and downstream enterprise,then the fairness of the distribution of benefits can be realized to achieve the Pareto optimality of the total value created.Third,Shapley Value can measure the degree of the bargaining power between the upstream and downstream enterprises,the bargaining power of different participants in the process of bargaining depends on the degree most needed,further,the bargaining power of the supplier due to its special investment makes the enterprise cooperation possible and the goal of maximizing corporate welfare can be achieved.