湿热地区景观要素配置对园林热环境的影响研究

The Effects of Landscape Element Configuration on Garden Thermal Environment in Hot and Humid Regions

城市园林作为城市基础设施的重要组成部分,对减缓城市热岛效应、改善城市环境至关重要。重点对具有气候适应性的岭南传统园林的空间特征进行定量研究,试图从中提炼合理的景观要素配置方法。通过模拟不同景观要素配置下的园林室外热环境状况,对比分析景观要素与园林热环境的关联作用。研究表明,景观要素对园林热环境有不同程度的影响,其中乔木覆盖率调节作用明显,水体面积比例次之,乔木栽植方式调节作用最弱。水体与植被相互配合对热环境的改善作用更显著。景观要素的合理配置能明显降低园林室外的生理等效温度,使园林环境更接近舒适,提高园林空间使用率,同时更有效地发挥城市园林的微气候效应。

Urban landscape,as an essential component of urban infrastructure,plays a significant role in reducing urban heat island effect and improving urban environment.It mainly conducts a quantitative research on space features of traditional Lingnan gardens with climate adaptability and tries to explore reasonable methodology to deploy landscape elements.Through simulating outdoor garden thermal conditions with different landscape element configuration,the research makes contrast analyses on interactional correlation between landscape elements and garden thermal environment.The results show that landscape elements have varied effects on garden thermal environment:tree coverage plays the biggest role in adjustment,proportion of water area coming next and tree planting mode being the least.A proper combination of water and vegetation can perform a better function.Proper configuration of landscape elements can obviously reduce physiological equivalent temperature(PET)so that landscape environment feels more comfortable,increase the space use rate,and better perform the function of urban landscape micro-climate effect.