柔性结构气弹效应在流动控制中的应用及进展

Applications and developments of aeroelasticity of flexible structure in flow controls

柔性结构与空气动力耦合形成的系统呈现出丰富的非定常、非线性流动和结构动力学行为,对其气动弹性效应合理地控制和利用,能够大幅度提高飞机机翼、风力机叶片等结构的气动性能,并使其具有气动自适应能力.本文总结了近年来与气弹效应应用相关的研究进展及存在的问题,具体介绍了薄膜翼型的流动控制特性、柔性壁面减阻技术以及Sinha扰流装置的发展过程、主要成果以及未来发展趋势,着重对相关试验、流–固耦合数值分析、Lagrangian拟序结构动力学等理论分析方法进行总结,展示了气弹效应在流动控制方面的巨大潜力和深远的学术意义,以便更多的研究人员开展该领域的研究工作.

There exists a very rich variety of distinctive properties which are relevant to unsteady,nonlinear flows and structural dynamics,as the flexible structures and fluids arecoupled dynamically.If the aeroelastic effects are controlled and utilized properly,the aerodynamic performances and self-adaptability of aircraft wings and wind turbine blades could be improved signiˉcantly.In this paper,the progress and major challenges in aeroelasticity and its applications in flow control are reviewed,and three main directions,including the aerodynamic characteristics of the membrane wing,the drag reduction technique using flex-ible wall and the Sinha disturbers,are discussed in detail.In particular,the relevant studiesincluding the experimental techniques,the numerical methods for fluid-structure interactions and theoretical methods such as nonlinear dynamics,Lagrangian coherent structure are summarized,and the great potential of the aeroelasticity in flow control and its academic values are emphasized,in order to pave the way for the researchers who are engaged in this fleld.