广东省12~74岁人群牙龈出血、牙石情况抽样调查报告(2015-2016年)

A sampling survey of gingival bleeding and dental calculus in Guangdong Province(2015-2016)

目的了解广东省12~74岁人群的牙龈出血、牙石情况现状,为规划广东省口腔卫生保健工作提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽取广东省城乡12岁、13岁、14岁、15岁、35~44岁、55~64岁、65~74岁常住人口共8 544人,其中12岁、13岁、14岁、15岁年龄组各1 920人,成年人每年龄组288人,男女各半,城乡各半。按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查牙周状况检查标准,使用WHO推荐的CPI探针检查全口牙牙龈出血、牙石情况。资料录入采用Epidata软件,采用SAS9.2软件进行统计学分析。结果 12岁、13岁、14岁、15岁、35~44岁、55~64岁、65~74岁人群牙龈出血的检出率分别为43.75%、42.76%、49.06%、39.38%、81.94%、90.97%、84.03%,人均有牙龈出血的牙齿数分别为1.95、2.07、2.59、2.39、9.62、10.36、9.98。12岁、13岁、14岁、15岁人群,牙龈出血检出率和人均检出牙数在12、13岁接近,14岁最高,15岁牙龈出血检出率下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。35~44岁、55~64岁、65~74岁人群牙龈出血检出率和人均检出牙数随着年龄的增长而增加,但到老年人群(65~74岁)牙龈出血检出率下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。12岁、13岁、14岁、15岁、35~44岁、55~64岁、65~74岁人群牙石的检出率分别为40.57%、41.09%、45.05%、54.84%、98.96%、97.22%、92.01%,人均有牙石的牙齿数分别为1.61、1.71、2.14、3.52、20.30、20.55、17.26。牙石检出率和人均检出牙数随着年龄的增长而增加,但到老年人群(65~74岁)下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各个年龄组牙龈出血和牙石的检出情况,35~74岁各年龄组牙石的总检出率城市高于农村(c2=4.409,P=0.036),总人均牙数男性高于女性(t=4.50,P<0.001);其余城乡和性别差异无统计学意义。结论广东省12~74岁上述的7个年龄组人群牙龈出血和牙石检出率高,提示口腔卫生不良和牙龈炎症在广东省青少年和中、老年人群普遍存在。

Objective To investigate the current status of gingival bleeding and dental calculus in the12-to74-year old population in Guangdong Province with the aim of providing information to support oral health care.Methods A stratified,multistage,random sampling design was used to obtain7provincially representative sample groups consisting of8,544Guangdong residents aged12,13,14,15,35-44,55-64and65-74years old with a50/50gender ratio.The status of gingival bleeding and dental calculus in the whole mouth was assessed according to the Guidelines of the Fourth National Oral Health Survey using a CPI probe.The resulting data were analyzed using the SAS9.2package.Results The prevalence of gingival bleeding in residents aged12,13,14,15,35-44,55-64and65-74years old was43.75%,42.76%,49.06%,39.38%,81.94%,90.97%,and84.03%,respectively,while the average number of teeth with gingival bleeding per person was 1.95,2.07,2.59,2.39,9.62,10.36,and9.98,respectively.In the12-,13-,14-,and15-year-old groups,peak prevalence was observed at age14(P<0.05).In the35-74-year-old group,the prevalence and mean number of teeth with gingival bleeding per person increased with age,and both parameters reached a peak in the55-64-year-old group.The prevalence of dental calculus in the12-,13-,14-,15-,35-44-,55-64-and65-74-year-old group was40.57%,41.09%,45.05%,54.84%,98.96%,97.22%,and92.01%,respectively,and on average,each person had1.61,1.71,2.14,3.52,20.30,20.55,and17.26teeth,respectively,with dental calculus.The prevalence and mean number of teeth with dental calculus increased with age.In the35-to74-year-old group,the prevalence of dental calculus was higher in urban areas than in rural areas and the mean number of teeth with dental calculus was higher in males than in females.Otherwise,there were no significant differences in the prevalence or the mean number of teeth with dental calculus or gingival bleeding between urban and rural areas or between males and females.Conclusion There is a high prevalence of both gingival bleeding and dental calculus in all7age groups in Guangdong,indicating that poor oral hygiene and gingival inflammation are common in Guangdong Province.