分期播种插秧对水稻产量和生育进程的影响

The Effect of Sowing and Planting Date on the Rice Growing Process & Yield and its Components

为研究不同播种插秧期对水稻产量及产量因素的影响,以辽宁省3个主栽品种为试材,研究了4个播种插秧期次水稻的叶龄增长、株高增加,分蘖长消等生长发育进程。试验结果表明,各品种的平均产量期次间差异达极显著,随着播插期的延迟,产量依次降低,且越晚的播种期产量降低幅度越大。从产量构成因素看,穴穗数和秕谷率各期次之间差异达到显著水平,随着播种期推迟,穗数(分蘖)减少,而秕谷率增加,严重影响了产量。水稻总叶片数随着播插期延迟变化不大,而出叶速度有随着播插期的延迟而增加的趋势。水稻各品种不同期次插秧分蘖数均表现出前期增长速度快,而后趋于平稳或略有下降的趋势。从分蘖成穗数看,早期插秧水稻有效穗数要高于晚期插秧。表明水稻有效分蘖期并不随着播插期的延迟相应延迟,而是播插期的延迟大大缩短了水稻的分蘖期。

To investigate the effect of sowing and planting times on the rice yield and its yield components,in the4different sowing and planting times,the increasing of leaf number,plant height,and tiller number of3rice varieties,was studied.The results were as follows.The difference of average yield of3rice varieties was significant.With postponing of the sowing and planting time,the rice yield decreased,respectively,and the yield decreasing of the latest time was the most.With postponing of the sowing and planting time,as major components that affected the rice yield,the panicle number per plant decreased and the blighted grain rate in-creased,and the difference between times were significant.During sowing and planting times,the total num-ber of rice leaf changed little,but rice leaf emergence speed had the tend of increasing with postponing of so-wing and planting time.Tiller number of rice in different sowing and planting times had a tend of increasing quickly at earlier stage,being steady or decreasing a little at later stage,and panicle number of rice sowed and planted earlier were more than that of rice sowed and planted later.The result showed that instead of postpo-ning accordingly,the effective tiller period were shortened with postponing of sowing and planting time.Besides,the plant height of different rice varieties in different sowing and planting times had the same tend of inceasing.