配置效率驱动下停车资源的属性、产权及供给模式

Attributes,Property Right and Providing Model of Parking Resources Driven by Allocation Efficiency

在梳理相关文献的基础上,以停车资源的有效供给为目标,明确界定各类停车设施的基本属性,并在此基础上演绎出停车设施的提供主体、产权形式以及定价主体等与停车资源配置效率相关的规范问题,为停车问题的后续研究奠定坚实的理论基础。研究认为,从规范的角度来讲,路内停车设施具有很强的公共产品属性,一般由政府机制提供,具有公共产权,实行政府定价;公建配建停车设施具有较强的公共产品属性,适合单位提供,具有俱乐部产权或法人产权,实行政府指导价;路外停车设施具有较强的私人产品属性,但也具有一定公共产品属性,一般由市场机制提供,具有公共产权或私人产权,实行市场价格或政府指导价;私人配建停车设施具有私人产品属性,适合市场提供,具有私人产权,实行市场价格。同时,上述规范分析所得到的基本原则应根据具体情况在实践中灵活把握。

Aiming at effective provision of parking resources,this paper clearly defines the basic attributes of parking facilities on the basis of literature analysis.Then we study the allocation efficiency of parking resources which include the main providers,the form of property rights,and main pricing body.We conclude that the curb parking facilities have an attribute of public goods with the public property,and are generally provided and priced by government;the parking facilities equipped with public building have a strong attribute of public goods with corporation property rights,and are suitable for the corporate to provide and price with government guidance;the parking facilities off road have both a strong attribute of private goods and a certain attribute of public goods with both public or private property rights,and are generally provided by market mechanism and priced by market or with government guidance;the parking facilities equipped with private residences have an attribute of private goods with private property rights,and are provided and priced by market.The above-mentioned basic principles from the normative analysis should be applied according to the specific circumstances in practice.