图形类比推理测验项目认知特征及自动化生成研究进展

Research on the Progress about Item Cognitive Features and Automatic Generation of the Figural Analogy Test

图形类比推理测验项目因具有不受特定语言、文化制约的特点,在认知能力测验、Lorge-桑代克智力测验和美国教育考试中被广泛使用。以往研究发现,影响图形类比推理测验难度的主要因素为不同的项目认知特征。系统地梳理图形类比推理测验的基本理论、研究方法,特别就项目认知特征和项目认知难度的相关研究进展进行分析,可以为未来研究提供新的视角,比如,对图形变换规则做进一步细化,探讨是否存在影响项目难度的其他认知属性,提升测验的有效性;对图形类比推理测验的效度和项目难度影响因素做进一步评估;开发有效的图形类比推理测验,针对不同认知水平的学生提供相应的认知训练,以提升个体的推理能力。

Free fromthe constraints of specific languages and cultures,Figural Analogy Test(FAT)arewidely used in cognitive competence tests,Lorge-Thorndike IQ tests and American educational examinations.According to previous literatures,the main factors influencing the difficulty of FAT are different item cognitive features.Systematically research on the basic theory and method of FAT,especially analyzing the progress about items’cognitive characteristic and the cognitive difficulty of related research,which can provide new perspectives for future research:for example,to further refine the rules,discuss whether there are other cognitive attributes that affect the difficulty of items,and improve the effectiveness of the test;to further evaluate the validity and factors affecting difficulty of the test;to develop effective FAT corresponding with cognitive training provided for students with different cognitive levels for improving theirreasoning ability of individuals.