计分方式及选考群体对学生选科成绩的影响

The Influence of the Scoring Method and the Selected Groups Acting on Students' Scores of Choosing Subjects

本研究利用学生考试数据,模拟了等级赋分、标准分和调整标准分三种计分方式及高水平、低水平两种选考群体对学生选科成绩的影响。研究发现:标准分和等级赋分的计分方式会导致学生在不同选考群体所得成绩差异巨大,引发学生"躲避好学生"的倾向,不宜作为学生选考成绩计算方法;调整标准分计分方式也会导致学生成绩随选考群体发生变化,但影响趋势与标准分、等级赋分相反,可能引发学生"追随好学生"的倾向。对此,可针对学生不同选考阶段采用不同计分策略:学科探索阶段采用标准分;升学考试中的选考科目采用调整标准分;录取阶段多学科分别计分,由高校独立赋权计算总分取代各科直接简单相加计算总分的录取模式。

This study used the data of students’examination to simulate three scoring methods:graded scoring,standard score,adjusted standard score and analyzed the influence of high level and low one among the selected groups acting on the students’scores of choosing subjects.The results show that the standard score and graded scoring are not suitable to be used because they will lead to huge difference in students’scores in different selected groups,which causes the tendency of avoiding good students for some students.The adjusted standard score can also cause students’scores changing with the selected groups,but the influence trend is opposite to above one,which brings about the tendency of following good students for some students.Thus,this paper suggests that different scoring strategies should be adopted at different stages:the standard score could be used at the exploratory stage;the adjusted standard score could be used in entrance examinations;multi-discipline score instead of a single total score should be applied at admission stage from the mode of total score adding up by each subject simply to that of independent weighting by colleges and universities.