“V起来”相关构式研究

A Study of the Relevant Constructions of “V+qilai”

"V起来"在现代汉语中具有复杂的多种用法,这是由"起来"自身语义、所处构式和作用层面等三个方面的不同造成的。趋向义"起来"可以用在事件构式、处置构式和遭受构式,直接作用在动词上随动词一起进入构式;体貌义"起来"只能用在事件构式,作用在句子上,是句子成型后另加的时态算子;方式义"起来"用在描写构式,不是后来加入构式的具体成分,而是构式自身不可或缺的组成部分;发生义"起来"使用在判断构式,也是构式一个不可或缺的组成部分。

There are several complicated uses of“V+qilai”in Chinese,due to the following three factors:the different meanings of“V+qilai”itself,appeared in disparate constructions,and functioned on different levels.Directional-meaning of“qilai”could be used in event-construction,disposal-construction and suffering-construction,adding on verbs and going into the constructions together with the verbs.Aspect-meaning of“qilai”could only be found in event-construction,functioned on the sentences.Manner-meaning of“qilai”could be used in description-construction,which is an indispensable constituent of the construction.Occurring-meaning of“qilai”could be used in judgment-construction,which is also an indispensable constituent of the construction.