陕北地区冬季采暖期大气污染特征分析

Air Pollution Characteristics During Winter Heating Period in Northern Shaanxi Province

基于2016年12月1日至2017年3月31日陕北地区(延安市、榆林市)SO_2、NO_2、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、O_3、CO逐小时监测数据,研究陕北地区冬季采暖期大气污染水平及污染特征,并为陕北地区冬季空气质量改善提出建议.结果显示,2016年陕北地区冬季大气污染首要污染物为PM_(10)和PM_(2.5),大气污染类型为颗粒物污染型;通过月变化趋势分析和Pearson相关系数验证,各项大气污染物间表现出极强的相关性,O_3与其他5项污染物均为负相关,其他5项污染物两两互为正相关;经日变化趋势分析,SO_2、NO_2、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、CO污染物浓度日变化趋势均为"双峰双谷"型,且时间变化上保持一致,O3为"单峰"型;"周末效应"分析发现,SO_2、NO_2、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)周末浓度均大于工作日浓度,CO周末浓度与工作日浓度变化不显著,日平均偏差为6.24%,O_3工作日浓度普遍高于周末浓度.建议陕北地区加强对冬季颗粒型污染物的抑制,加大城市绿化建设投入,积极宣传环保理念,倡导绿色出行,市民在周末尽量减少出行.

Based on the hourly monitoring data of SO2,NO2,PM10,PM2.5,O3and CO in northern Shaanxi of Yanan city and Yulin city from December1,2016to March31,2017,we study on the level of air pollution andpollution characteristics in northern Shaanxi during the winter heating period,and put forward suggestions for the improvement of winter air quality.The results show that the main pollutants in winter pollution are PM10and PM2.5in northern Shaanxi,and the air pollution type is particulate pollution.The pearson correlation coefficient shows that the daily average concentration of air pollutants show a strong correlation.O3is negatively correlated with the other five pollutants.The other five pollutants are positively correlated.The diurnal variation trend of SO2,NO2,PM10,PM2.5,CO pollutants concentration is“double peak and double valley”type,and the time variation is consistent.O3is“single peak”type.The results show that the concentrations of SO2,NO2,PM10and PM2.5are higher than those of working days.The concentration of CO and the concentration of week are not significant.The daily mean deviation is6.24%,and the concentration of O3is higher than that of weekend concentration.It is suggested that the northern Shaanxi area should strengthen the suppression of winter particulate pollutants and increase the investment of urban greening construction and actively promote the concept of environmental protection.The public should try to reduce the number of trips during the weekend.