宽柄芥F_1代性状优势及其与亲本间的相关性分析

Traits advantages of Brassica juncea var.latipa F_1 hybrid and its correlation analysis with parents

【目的】探讨宽柄芥F_1代主要性状优势及其与亲本间的相关性,为宽柄芥杂交优势利用提供理论依据。【方法】以10个宽柄芥杂交组合(F_1代)及其亲本为试材,采用随机区组设计,测定分析其生育期内的9个农艺和经济性状,并对F_1代各性状优势指数间及其与亲本相应性状间进行相关性分析。【结果】宽柄芥F_1代的单株产量和最大叶叶长极显著高于大值亲本值(BP)(P<0.01,下同),最大叶叶宽、中肋长、最大叶叶片数、株高和开展度显著高于BP(P<0.05,下同),但中肋宽和柄肋重与BP无显著差异(P>0.05),单株产量超亲优势主要受最大叶叶长、最大叶叶宽、柄肋重、中肋宽、株高和开展度等性状共同影响。相关性分析结果表明,F_1代的最大叶叶长、最大叶叶宽、中肋长、株高和开展度与母本相应的性状呈显著或极显著正相关,中肋宽和单株产量与父本相应的性状呈显著正相关,中肋宽与双亲的中肋宽均值呈极显著正相关,中肋长、中肋宽、单株产量和株高与BP呈显著或极显著正相关,最大叶叶长和最大叶叶宽超亲优势与父本和BP呈显著或极显著负相关,中肋长和开展度超亲优势与BP呈显著负相关,株高超亲优势与父本、BP和双亲差值呈显著或极显著负相关,单株产量超亲优势受BP的负向影响明显。【结论】宽柄芥F_1代的农艺和经济性状具有较强的杂种优势,可通过优势育种加以利用。

【Objective】The traits advantages of Brassica juncea var.latipa F1hybrid and its correlation with the parents was studied in order to provide theoretical basis for heterosis utilization of B.juncea.【Method】Nine agronomic andeconomic traits were determined and analyzed in the growth stage by random block design,with ten B.juncea hybrid combinations(F1hybrid)and their parents as the experimental materials.Correlation analysis bewteen traits advantages of F1hybrids and the corresponding traits of their parents were conducted.【Result】Yield per plant and length of the largest leaf of B.juncea F1hybrid were extremely significantly(P<0.01,the same below)larger than high parent(BP),and its width of the largest leaf,length of midrib,leaf number,plant height and plant expansion were significantly(P<0.05,the same below)larger than BP,and its width of midrib and midrib weight had insignificant difference with BP(P>0.05).Heterobeltiosis of yield per plant were mainly influenced by length of the largest leaf,width of the largest leaf,midrib weight,width of midrib,plant height and plant expansion together.The results of correlation analysis indicated that,length of the largest leaf,width of the largest leaf,length of midrib,plant height and plant expansion of F1hybrids were positively correlated to those of female parent at significant level or extremely significant level.Width of midrib and yield per plant of F1hybrids were positively correlated to those of male parent at significant level,width of midrib of F1hybrids were positively correlated to that of male parent at extremely significant level.Length of midrib,width of midrib,yield per plant and plant height of F1hybrids were positively correlated to those of BP at significant or extremely significant levels.Heterobeltiosis of F1hybrids in length of the largest leaf and width of the largest were negatively correlated to male parent and BP at significant or extremely significant levels.Heterobeltiosis of F1hybrids in length of midrib and plant expansion were negatively correlated to BP at significant level,heterobeltiosis of F1hybrids in plant height was negatively correlated to male parent and BP at significant or extremely significant levels,heterobeltiosis of yield per plant was negatively effected by BP.【Conclusion】B.juncea F1hybrids have strong heterosis in agronomic and economic traits,and it can be utilized by heterosis breeding.