俄罗斯破冰船队建设与北极地区开发:现状与挑战

Construction of Russian Icebreaker and Arctic Development: Status and Challenge

缘于北极地区特殊的气候和自然条件,破冰船对于北极地区资源开发、军事活动和北方航线运行具有特殊的意义。俄罗斯作为北极大国,最早建立和使用破冰船开发北极,拥有世界最大的核动力破冰船队,在北极地区的战略博弈中占得先机,但俄罗斯破冰船队建设也面临着船队老化、资金短缺、更新缓慢等因素的制约,未来可能影响俄罗斯北极资源开发进程。

Because of the special climate and natural conditions in the Arctic,the icebreaker is of special significance for the exploration of resources,military activities and the northern route operation in the Arctic.As a powerful country in the Arctic,Russia was the first country to set up and operate the icebreaker for the Arctic exploration which has the world’s largest nuclear icebreaker team,so it undertook the initiative in the strategy competition in the Arctic.But the construction of Russian icebreaker team is subject to such factors as the fleet aging,shortage of funds and slow renewal of the equipment,which may influence Russia’s resource exploration process arctic in the Arctic in the future.