汉语语法性成分功能衰落与跨层词汇化

Grammatical Features Decline of Chinese Grammar and Lexicalization of Non-constituent Adjacent Elements

有些跨层词汇化的发生与汉语语法历史演变有着密切的关系。在汉语史上因一些语法性成分功能的衰落导致的相应的跨层词汇化演变,一些旧的功能和形式在历史发展中衰落了,进而与本不在同一层次的相邻成分跨层组合,形成新词,诸如:一些特殊代词语法功能的衰落,非并列结构中连词"而"的功能表格,特定结构中助词"之"的功能衰落,都产生了相关的跨层词汇化现象。

Some lexicalization of non-constituent adjacent elements has a close relationship with the historical evolution of Chinese grammar.This paper explores the corresponding lexicalization of nonconstituent adjacent elements because of some grammatical features decline in the history of Chinese evolution.Some of the old features and form declined,but combined with the non-constituent adjacent elements to form new words,which have produced the lexicalization of nonconstituent adjacent elements,such as:the grammatical functional decline of some special pronoun,the functional decline of the conjunction“Er(而)”in the non-parallel structure,and the functional decline of the auxiliary word“Zhi(之)”in a particular structure.