胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病患者结构化治疗与教育课程的开发

Development of a Structured Treatment and Education Program for Insulin-treated Type 2 Diabetic Patients in China

目的开发适合我国胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病患者的结构化治疗与教育课程。方法依据现有的结构化课程开发标准,通过回顾文献对目标人群需求进行分析,以授权理论为指导,运用教育学原理,开发针对我国胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病患者的结构化课程初稿,制定教学材料,采用专家会议法修订和完善课程。结果课程目标共29项,包括认知、动作技能和情感3个领域;课程内容包括2项治疗内容及与目标相匹配的10项教育内容;教学以小组为单位,1次/周,共4次,由经培训的医护人员共同实施;课程评价包括过程性评价和终结性评价,过程性评价贯穿教学始终,及时发现患者问题并给予反馈,终结性评价指标为与目标相匹配的知识、行为、自我效能和实验室指标。结论该课程以授权理论为指导,并以指南和文献为循证证据,符合国际糖尿病结构化课程开发标准。课程内容简洁、明确,实施过程标准化,值得在临床进行验证推广。

Objective To develop a structured treatment and education program(STEP)for insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients in China.Methods By reviewing literature,we analyzed the needs of insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients.Based upon the standards of structured curriculum development and empowerment theory as well as the pedagogic principles,the structured curricula and teaching materials were developed,and further revised and improved by experts.Results The curricula set 29 learning objectives covering 3 domains,namely,the cognitive,psychomotor and affective domain.The curriculum contents include 2 therapeutic items and 10 educational items.Delivered by professional doctors and nurses once a week,the curricula comprise a 4-week group session.The outcome evaluations include formative assessment and summative assessment.Formative assessment is conducted throughout the whole teaching process in order to timely identify the problems of the patients and give solutions and summative assessment indicators include diabetic knowledge,behavior,self-efficacy and laboratory indices.Conclusion With the guiding of empowerment theory,guidelines and literature review,the SETP developed for insulin-treated Chinese type 2 diabetic patients meets the global standards.With concise contents and standardized teaching process,this STEP has the potential to empower more type 2 diabetic patients to adopt intensive insulin treatment and deserves further clinical application.