中国民歌改编的艺术歌曲钢琴伴奏对主旋律的处理特点研究

Study on Characteristics of Processing the Main Melody by Piano Accompaniment of Art Songs Adapted from Chinese Folk Songs

在艺术歌曲表演中,与歌唱的旋律具有同等重要地位的是钢琴伴奏,其对音乐形象的塑造、艺术意境的营造、气氛环境的烘托、作品结构的确立等方面具有重要作用。由中国民歌改编而来的艺术歌曲,其音乐情绪与歌唱旋律已有较为明确的定位,在其改编、创作和表演过程中,钢琴的伴奏所发挥的作用非常重要。钢琴伴奏在处理主旋律方面,主要有六种方法:一是原样重复法,二是加花法,三是钢琴伴奏双手交替音型分布歌唱旋律法,四是主旋律与钢琴伴奏旋律声部起伏法,五是主旋律音型化法,六是使主旋律间断式出现等。这些方法对主旋律出现进行了改变。还有在钢琴伴奏中不体现主旋律因素的手法,其主要手段是和声织体方法的运用,以及对位创作原则的运用。

In performing art songs,the piano accompaniment has the equal important significance to the melody,and plays an important role for shaping music image,creating artistic conceptions,foiling the atmosphere environment and establishing the structure of the work.The art songs adapted from Chinese folk songs have relatively clear position in music emotion and the melody.In the process of the adaptation,creation and performance,the piano accompaniment plays a very important role.There are six methods of treating the main melody for piano accompaniment:one is to repeating the original;the second is to add the flowered variation;the third is to distribute the method with alternate hands;the fourth is to fluctuate the sound department of the main melody;the fifth is to make the main melody figured;the sixth is to make the main melody appear intermittently.These methods have changed the main melody.There is another technique that doesn’t show the factors of the main melody in piano accompaniment.The main means is to apply the harmonica texture and the creation principle.