中国绘画“造型艺术”观念的明晰与省思

The Clarity on the Concept of “Formative Art” in Chinese Painting and Reflections

中国绘画"再现物象"的观念自战国开始萌发,到晚唐、五代逐渐明晰,经历了从追求外在形似和色彩描摹到呈现事物内在"真实"的过程。荆浩提出"画者,画也,度物象取其真"的论断,预示着绘画作为一门造型艺术的观念的确立。但由于对事物的认识缺乏客观理性的态度和科学知识的支撑,绘画以抒情达意为主要目的,造型始终流于概念化和表面化。当代环境美学倡导的科学认知主义理论,将有助于深化对自然物的认识,从而可能开拓出艺术的新境。

The concept of“image reproduction”in Chinese painting came to its birth in the Warring States Period,and took its clear shape in the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties,which underwent the process from the pursuit of appearance and color copying to the representation of subject′s inner truth.Jing Hao once proposed that we should make a clear judgement on the truth of the painting and respond accordingly in painting,which marked the establishment of the concept of the painting as a formative art.However,the painting,due to the lack of rational attitudes towards the object and sufficient support from the scientific knowledge,paid special attention to expressing one s thoughts and feelings.As a result,the formative art tended to be conceptual and apparent.In the modern society,the scientific cognitive theory,advocated by environmental aesthetics,will help to deepen the understanding of natural things and further develop the art of painting to a new height.