王国维诗论之萌发与日本明治期心理学思想——“境界”产生之初探

The Birth of Wang Guowei's Poetics and Psychological Thoughts in Meiji Period in Japan——An Exploration on the Emergence of “State”

目前为止,有关王国维诗学美学的研究,都把焦点放在了叔本华、康德甚至席勒等德国思想家对王国维产生的影响上。但笔者研究发现,在王国维诗学美学的萌芽阶段,给他带来巨大影响的并不是德国的思想家们,而是日本近代最初的心理学伦理学家元良勇次郎。而有趣的是,元良勇次郎的心理学伦理学思想,虽然有着西方心理学伦理学的科学分析,但他思想的本质却是中国的儒学思想,比如宋儒的"心统性情论"。我们从1902年王国维在翻译元良勇次郎的《心理学》时所做的改动入手,分析他诗论"境界"的生成与元良勇次郎的"心物相关论"的关系。

The research focus on Wang Guowei has so far been put on the influence of German thinkers,such as Schopenhauer,Kant,Schiller,and etc.However,it is found in this paper that during the birth of poetics and aesthetics of Wang Guowei,it is Yujiro Motora,a psychologist and moral philosopher in modern Japan,who exerts greater influence upon him rather than German counterparts.Surprisingly,the nature of Yujiro Motora s thoughts of psychology and ethics is of Chinese Confucianism,such as“mind unifying nature and affection”theory in the Song Dynasty,though seemingly he develops his ideas from the western sciences of psychology and ethics.The paper aims to analyze the relationship between the emergence of“state”in the birth of Wang Guowei s poetics and the theory of“mind-object relation”proposed by Yujiro Motora on the basis of WangGuowei s translation adaption on Yujiro Motora sPsychology in1902.