基于历史数据的机场网络特征分析

Analysis on Airport Network Characteristics Based on Historical Data

机场网络是航空运输系统中重要组成部分。以中国内地机场网络为例,分析了机场网络拓扑特性和运行特征,对提升网络鲁棒性和运行效率具有基础性支撑作用。首先,借鉴复杂网络理论及方法,选取经典指标分析了机场网络拓扑特性;然后,基于机场间交通行为相关性,使用谱聚类算法识别机场网络空间分布特征;最后,基于实际运行数据的分析表明,中国内地机场网络符合明显的小世界网络特性,并具有无标度特性,呈枢纽-轮辐式结构,枢纽机场交通行为相关性与度较高,应进一步打造区域枢纽机场,减轻国家级枢纽机场运行压力。

The airport network is an important part of the air transportation system.With the example of the airport network in China's Mainland,the topology and the operation features of the airport network are analyzed.It plays a fundamental role in promoting the robustness and the operational efficiency of the network.Firstly,using the complex network theory for a reference,topology characteristics in the airport network are analyzed with the classical indexes.Then,based on the correlation of the traffic behavior between airports,the spatial distribution characteristics of the airport the network are recognized with the spectral clustering algorithm.Finally,the data analysis based on the actual operation data shows that the airport network in China's Mainland matches the small-world network characteristics and the scale-free network with the hub-spoke structure.The hub airports have high correlation and high degrees.Therefore,the regional hub airports should be further developed to relieve the operational pressure of the national hub airports.