健康教育联合自我管理对维持性血液透析患者治疗效果以及安全性影响

Effect of health education in combination with self-management on the treatment and safety of patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的探讨健康教育联合自我管理对维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者治疗效果以及安全性影响。方法 80例MHD患者均接受常规治疗与护理,其中40例(干预组)加强健康教育与自我管理的教育,干预后采用自制统一调查表测评患者的健康教育知识掌握情况及自我管理能力,干预前后分别测定患者血钾、钙、磷、白蛋白、血肌酐、血红蛋白含量,并观察患者透析相关并发症的发生情况。结果干预后,干预组健康教育知识掌握情况及自我管理能力均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组血钾、钙、钠、磷、钙磷乘积、血肌酐等生化指标改善情况优于对照组,透析相关并发症发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对MHD患者进行健康教育与自我管理的教育,可帮助患者提高对血液透析相关知识的认识,提高自我管理能力,从而改善治疗效果,减少透析相关并发症。

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education in combination with self-management on the treatment and safety of patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods80patients with MHD were firstly divided into a control group(n=40)and an experimental groups(n=40).The control group were treated with traditional treatment and nursing while the experimental group were treated with health education in combination with self-management education in addition to that provided to the control group.After the intervention,the health education knowledge and self-management ability of the patients were surveyed.The level of blood kalium,calcium,phosphorus,albumin,serum creatinine and blood hemoglobin were detected,and the dialysis-related complications were observed.Findings After the intervention,the health education knowledge and self-management ability of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The improvement in biochemical indexes such as potassium,calcium,sodium,phosphorus,calcium and phosphorus and serum creatinine in the experimental group were better than those of the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of dialysis-related complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion For the patients with MHD,health education in combination with self-management can improve their dialysis-related knowledge and enhance their self-management,which can improve the treatment effect and reduce dialysis-related complications.