能量吸收方案对列车碰撞响应的影响

Effect of Energy Absorbing Schemes on Train Crash Response

为了研究列车头车司机室吸能装置的行程、界面力及中间车钩缓冲装置的界面力对列车碰撞响应的影响,建立了列车碰撞纵向多体动力学模型,以2列完全相同的8节编组列车碰撞工况为例,对配置不同能量吸收方案的列车碰撞动态响应进行了分析和对比。研究结果表明:头车司机室吸能装置的行程存在最优值,在不超过最优值的前提下增加其行程可以减小碰撞后期各车辆的加速度;增加司机室吸能装置的界面力会使中间车辆加速度显著增大;同步减小各中间车钩缓冲装置界面力,会使中间车辆加速度增大;以递减式与向内递减式减小中间车钩缓冲装置界面力可以增加中间车端吸能量;递增式增大中间车钩缓冲装置界面力会增加司机室端部吸能量。

In order to study the effect of the stroke,the interface force of cab energy absorbing device,the intermediate coupler and draft gear interface on train crash response,a longitudinal multibody dynamics model of train crash is established.Taking an example,when a crash happened between two identical eight-car trains,the crash dynamic responses of two trains with different allocation of energy absorbing schemes are comparatively analyzed.Results show that the stroke of the cab energy absorbing device has an optimal value,and in the premise when the stroke does not exceed the optimal value,raising the stroke can decline the accelerations of all the cars in the late stage of the crash;increasing the interface force of the cab energy absorbing device can raise the vehicle acceleration significantly.As for the interface forces of all the intermediate couplers,decreasing them synchronously can increase the accelerations of intermediate cars;while declining the couplers progressively or inward progressively,the intermediate impact interfaces can absorb more crash energy.Also,by raising the interface forces of couplers progressively,the cab energy absorption device can absorb more crash energy.