“体医融合”视域下“运动是良医”的再认识——历史、现状和争议

Re-cognition of "Exercise Is Medicine" from the Aspect of the Integration of Exercise and Medicine: History, Current Status and Debates

在"体医融合"新时代背景下,体育与医学结合,共同促进全民健康成为一种新的体医结合实践模式,为"运动是良医"的推广提供了重要的平台。运动元素在中西方古代医学理论和实践中早就已经存在了,医学先驱们已经认识到了运动对健康的重要作用。文章对一些针对常见疾病的系统性综述和元分析的结果进行了汇总,这些系统性评价和元分析为"运动是良医"提供了科学的循征医学证据。然而,与任何药物或治疗手段一样,当把运动作为治疗或辅助治疗手段治疗疾病时,需要根据患者的病情和身体状态来制定相应的运动处方。尽管大量的研究表明了运动对健康以及不同疾病的益处,但运动促进健康的生物学机制并未完全阐明。同时,在谈到"运动是良医"时,仍有一些重要的问题值得讨论和商榷,比如关于运动"预防"和"治疗"疾病的讨论,关于运动"适用症"和"适用人群"的讨论,关于运动"剂量"和"成分"的讨论等。

The integration of exercise and medicine has become a new model for improving national fitness.It has provided an important platform for popularizing the concept of"Exercise Is Medicine".The element of exercise has long been existed in the ancient medical theories and practice both in the East and West.The pioneers of medicine realized the important role of exercise toward health.The paper makes a systematic summary of the common diseases and the result of the meta-analysis,which provide scientific evidence-based medical evidence for"Exercise Is Medicine".However,when exercise is regarded as a means for treatment or adjuvant therapy,it is necessary to formulate corresponding exercise prescription according to patient's illness and physical conditions.Though a great amount of researches show the benefit of exercise toward health and the treatment of different diseases,the biological mechanism of exercise promoting health is not yet clear.And,when we talk about"Exercise Is Medicine",there are still some key issues worth discussing.For example,using exercise to prevent and treat disease,the applicable disease and applicable people of exercise,the dose and composition of exercise,etc.