吐蕃时期的敦煌观音修行院之考

On the Dunhuang Grottoes of the Aya Ba Lo Gling in the Tibetan Empire Period

100多年来,前辈学者以各自的专业为切入点,关于敦煌的研究成果硕果累累,但是这些科研成果对吐蕃时期敦煌石窟在吐蕃佛教中的地位及其关系至今尚未涉及。基于此,本文结合大量藏汉文史料,首次对吐蕃时期的敦煌石窟进行定位,可以得知敦煌石窟,即藏文史籍中的北方圣观世音石窟修行院,为吐蕃东、南、西、北四大石窟寺之一。从吐蕃佛教的整体角度为敦煌石窟在吐蕃佛教中的冠名正名,并深入探讨北方圣观世音石窟修行院的创建及其影响,是对以往从洞窟或壁画局部研究敦煌石窟的最大整合,从而可大大推进吐蕃时期的敦煌石窟研究且具有开创性的意义。

This paper has made a great breakthrough in the study of Dunhuang Grottoes during the Tibetan empire period.For last one hundred years,the scholars conducted research on Dunhuang caves from one’s respective professions and perspectives,and delivered fruitful research findings.However,due to the limitations of attainable resources and records,the status and relationships of the Dunhuang grottoes have not been discussed in the period of Tibetan empire.This paper,for the first time,points out that the Dunhuang grottoes is the Northern Santa of the Aya Ba Lo Gling.According to Tibetan historical documents it is one of the great cave temples of four directions of Tibet.The name of Dunhuang grottoes is explained according to position and over view of Tibetan Buddhism,and illustrated the significant and influence of establishing the Aya Ba Lo Gling.Therefore,this can be described as the largest integration of the long-term study of the Dunhuang grottoes from the caves or frescoes.It greatly promotes the study of Dunhuang grottoes in the Tibetan empire period and thus has a groundbreaking meaning.