先唐苔意象之文化意蕴及其在唐诗中的流变

Cultural Connotations of the Moss Image before Tang Dynasty and Its Evolution in Tang Poetry

苔意象成为独立的审美意象并不算早,从汉代开始,渐被诗人青眼所加。可表幽独自怜、寄情山林、怀人悼亡、吊古伤今等文化意蕴。唐诗中的苔意象受到了前代影响和流延,在新的时代思想氛围中涵沈着对方外世界的向往追求,蕴藉着诗人心中向往理想境界和现实世界的和谐统一;又经才若天纵的李贺妙笔化成"土花",发出苔意象感时忧国的最悲之音,折射出对家国兴亡的惆怅无奈。

The moss image becomes an independent aesthetic image,which is not early.Gradually it has been noticed and liked by the poets since the Han dynasty.The moss image shows lonely feelings,self-pity,focusing on the landscape,cherishing the memory of the dead,mourning the history and grieving the current problems and so on.The moss image in Tang poems is influenced by the former generation,expresses the yearning for the Taoism and Buddhism in the new era of ideological atmosphere,and contains the expectation of the harmony between ideal world and real world.Moss has a new name filled with low spirits,Tuhua,which is called by Li He.It reflects the melancholy and helplessness for the rise and fall of the country.