安徽传统村落空间格局分异测度

The Measurement of Spatial Differentiation of Traditional Villages in Anhui Pronvice

传统村落空间分布与自然和人文诸要素关联紧密.运用Arc GIS空间分析工具,对安徽传统村落自然和人文地理影响要素进行分析,并进一步对传统村落的内蕴空间信息进行规律分析,探查其空间分异特征。结果表明:高程、坡度、平面曲率等地形因子,以及降水量、森林覆盖率、公路密度、人口密度、人均耕地等因素对安徽传统村落空间分布影响明显,经济、坡向等因素影响具有复杂性和不确定性;安徽传统村落属凝集空间分布类型,形成一个极化密集区(皖南山区)和一个半环密集区(大别山区);安徽传统村落标准差椭圆均呈北西—南东(NW-SE)方向,在空间分布上受地形因子四要素控制,高程因素对传统村落空间聚合效应最强,地面平均曲率和海拔高程是安徽传统村落空间偏向NW-SE走向的控制因子;安徽传统村落局域关联特征为高高(HH)、低低(LL)聚集区域,缺乏高低(HL)、低高(LH)区域。

The spatial distribution of traditional villages is closely linked with the natural and human elements.By using the ArcGIS spatial analysis tools,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of natural and human geography for the traditional villages in Anhui Province,further analyzes the spatial information contained in the traditional villages,and probes into its spatial differentiation characteristics.The results showed that the topographical factors such as elevation,slope and plane curvature,as well as precipitation,forest cover,highway density,population density and per capita cultivated land have a significant impact on the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Anhui Province,however,the factors of economic aspect have the complexity and uncertainty.The traditional villages in Anhui Province belong to the agglomeration type of spatial distribution,forming a polarization-intensive area(southern mountainous area in anhui Province)and a semi-circular intensive area(Dabie mountainous area).The standard deviational ellipses of Anhui traditional villages showed a northwest-south east direction,which controlled by four elements of topographic factors in spatial distribution.Among them,elevation factor has the strongest spatial convergence effect on traditional villages and the average ground curvature and elevation are the controlling factors to its NW-SE-trending.The local indicators of spatial association of Anhui traditional villages are high high(HH)and low low(LL)aggregation areas,lack of HL,LH areas