基于刚柔耦合立卧式机床模型丝杠振频分析

Frequency Analysis of Screws for Vertical Machine Tool and Horizontal NC Lathe

为给具有不同切削特征的高精密立式机床和卧式机床选择合适的机床,本文以丝杠的振动特性为研究对象,采用有限元和虚拟仿真技术,建立高精密卧式机床和立式机床进给系统刚柔耦合模型,并对立式及卧式机床进给系统丝杠的振动特性进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明,无论是在z轴方向还是在x轴方向上,立式和卧式机床丝杠的位移变化都比较小,说明建立的进给系统模型的精密性较高;在本文所添加的材料属性和切削力的条件下,立式机床工作台运动特性比卧式机床剧烈,说明卧式机床的精度较高,所以在相同条件下应该选择卧式机床加工零件;无论卧式机床还是立式机床,工作台在z轴方向的位移变化比在x轴方向的位移变化剧烈。该研究为z轴方向的后期优化提供了理论基础。

Based on the different cutting characteristics of high precision vertical machine tools and high precision horizontal NC lathe,the finite element and virtual simulation techniques were used to establish the rigid and flexible coupling of high precision horizontal machine and vertical machine tool feed system.And the vibration characteristics of the screw are taken as the research object,and the theoretical explanation is given.The vibration characteristics of the screw of the high precision vertical machine tool and the high precision horizontal machine tool are obtained.The results show that in this paper,in the case of the applied load,the horizontal machine is more precise than the vertical machine.