实时剪切波弹性成像评估兔急性肌肉损伤的实验研究

Experimental study on evaluation of acute muscle injury in rabbits by real-time ultrasonic shear wave elastography

目的探讨实时剪切波弹性成像在评估兔急性肌肉损伤中的应用价值。方法选用健康成年雄性新西兰大白兔20只,将其中10只制作成急性肌肉损伤模型(损伤组),另10只为其对照(正常组)。应用实时剪切波弹性成像获取正常肌肉及损伤后12 h、1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d及14 d的杨氏模量平均值(Emean)和最大值(Emax),并在各时间点穿刺活检,比较两组上述各指标。结果损伤组损伤区肌肉各时间点Emean和Emax均显著高于正常组的Emean和Emax,差异均有统计学意义(F=10.216、11.286,均P=0.000),且于损伤后第1天最高[(45.00±7.45)kPa和(59.16±8.08)kPa],之后呈逐渐下降趋势。病理结果提示各时间点炎症细胞浸润程度比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=46.588,P=0.000),以损伤后第1天炎症细胞浸润程度最高,之后逐渐减少。结论实时剪切波弹性成像能很好地观察兔急性肌肉损伤和修复的变化,有望为临床评估肌肉损伤提供可靠的依据。

Objective To explore the application value of real-time ultrasonic shear wave elastography in evaluating acute muscle injury in rabbits.Methods Twenty healthy adult male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal group and injury group with10in each group.The ones in injury group were made into acute muscle contusion model.Real-time ultrasonic shear wave elastography was performed on each rabbit.The mean values(Emax)and the max values(Emean)of Young’s modulus were obtained from normal muscles and injured muscles at12h,1d,3d,5d,7d,14d after contusion.Then the biopsy samples at different time point were taken for pathological observation.Results Emean and Emax of Young’s modulus after injury at different time were significantly higher than those in normal group(F=10.216,11.286,both P=0.000).Emean and Emax were highest at1d after injury[(45.00±7.45)kPa and(59.16±8.08)kPa],then showed a gradual decrease.Pathological findings showed that there were significant differences in the infiltration degree of inflammatory cell at different time points(χ2=46.588,P=0.000),and the infiltration degree of inflammatory cell was most significant at1d after injury,then gradually decreased.Conclusion Real-time ultrasonic shear wave elastography can well observe the changes of muscle damage and muscle healing in acute muscle injury in rabbits.So it can provide a reliable basis for the clinical assessment of muscle injury.