基于能值分析的农业经营主体可持续发展能力研究

RESEARCH ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CAPABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OPERATOR BASED ON EMERGY ANALYSIS

[目的]通过对农业经营主体可持续发展能力测算方法的研究及可持续发展能力的实证分析,为提高农业经营主体可持续发展能力及培育新型农业经营主体提供理论支持和经验参考。[方法]借助典型案例调查及官方统计数据,采用物质—价值流和能值分析法对农业经营主体可持续发展能力问题展开研究。[结果]物质—价值流实证结果表明,家庭农场、种植大户和普通农户的单位土地净收入分别为1.778 4万元/hm^2、1.153 1万元/hm^2和0.439 6万元/hm^2;能值分析实证结果显示,家庭农场、种植大户和普通农户的可持续发展指数依次为24.49、4.21和3.58。[结论]从经济效益和可持续发展能力的视角来看,新型农业经营主体优于普通农户,家庭农场单位土地净收入最高,有较大的发展空间,可持续发展能力最大。

Through the empirical analysis of sustainable development capacity of agricultural business entities,agricultural operator and government could get some ideas for improving the sustainable development capability of agricultural production.With the help of typical case investigation and official statistical data,the problem of the sustainable development ability of agricultural operator is studied by means of material-value flow and emergy analysis.The results showed that the net income of the family farm,big farmer,and peasant household was 17 784 yuan/hm2,11 531yuan/hm2,and 4 396 yuan/hm2 respectively.The emergy indices for sustainable development value were 24.49,4.21 and 3.58 for family farm,big farmer,and peasant household,respectively.From the perspective of economic efficiency and sustainable development ability,the new agricultural business entities are better than the peasant household,and the net income of family farms is the highest,which has larger development space and the most sustainable development capability.