论社会治理新格局站位下的人民调解制度建设方略

On the Construction of Mediation System under the New Pattern of Social Governance

通过建构"个体选择的制度情景"分析模型,发现知识机制是决定矛盾纠纷当事人选择司法诉讼、行政裁决还是人民调解方式化解纠纷的主要机制,即法官、行政人员和人民调解员携带的知识差异影响当事人对纠纷解决方式的选择。因此,面对人民法院"诉累"现象,制度设计者必须站在打造社会治理新格局的高位上,加强人民调解制度建设,充分发挥人民调解的基础性作用,实现人民调解预防和化解社会矛盾的前哨功能,逐步减少诉讼调解、行政调解活动,督促法院专注于审判本职,督促政府致力于服务本分,从而营造共建共治共享的社会氛围。具体而言,包括三条建设方略:一是加强法官对人民调解的指导,支持非庭审法官成为人民调解员;二是购买律师服务,鼓励律师成为人民调解员;三是将人民调解设置为法院受理部分民事纠纷案件的前置条件。

By constructing an analysis model of“the system of individual choice”,this paper finds that the knowledge mechanism is the decision of the parties to choose the dispute settlement method(judicial litigation,administrative adjudication or people’s mediation).Judges,administrators and the people’s mediator carry the knowledge difference to affect the way the parties choose to resolve the dispute.Therefore,in order to reduce the burden of the people’s court,the institutional designer must stand on the high level of building a new pattern of social governance,and strengthen the construction of mediation.To prevent and resolve the social contradictions of the outpost,and gradually reduce litigation mediation,administrative mediation activities,it urges the court to focus on the trial,and the government to devote to the service.In order to create a shared social atmosphere,four strategies may be used.The first is to strengthen the judge’s guidance to the mediation,support non-trial judge to become a mediator.The second is to buy lawyer services,encourage lawyers to participate in mediation work.The third is to support the administrative staff as the mediator,and to establish an online mediation room,and to encourage the experienced administrative professionals into the long-distance mediation process.The fourth is the case have been mediated when the court accepts some civil disputes.