日本传统弓术之徒步射箭

Japanese traditional archery: Hosha; Dosha

日本传统弓术可分为徒步射箭、普通弓术和马上弓术(骑射).主要研究徒步射箭与远射."徒步射箭"涉及稻捆靶前、标靶前、远射前、连发前、硬物前、要点前.作为带有礼仪性质的弓射,涉及到百手式、响箭、鸣弦、四方围攻、吉数、射礼、弓场始、大的、小的、草鹿、圆靶、赌弓等."远射"从徒步射箭的远射前发展而来,虽与远射前的射术类似,但是是为了京都三十三间堂大矢数射箭比赛所特别演化而来的射术.为了达到该目的进行改良弓具,而改良后的弓具也反过来影响了徒步射箭的弓具,促进了弓具的进化和改良.

Japanese traditional archery is categorized as following three subjects:“Hosha”:Gen-eral term to describe the shooting with bow and arrow,antonym of Kisha;“Kisha”:Horseback archery;“Dosha”,:The shooting technique which was developed in Toshiya(long-range archer-y).In this paper,Hosha and Dosha will be discussed.Hosha consists of Makiwara mae,Mato mae,Toya mae,Sashiya mae,Katamono mae,Yo mae,etc.As a ceremonial archery,it has Momote shiki,Hikime,Meigen,Shihodume,Shichigosan,Sharei,Yumiba hajime,Omato,Komato,Kusajishi,Marumono,Noriyumi,etc.Dosha was developed from Sashiya mae which is one of the subject in Hosha.It is similar to the technique used in Sashiya mae,however,specific-ally for Toshiya competition held at Sanjusangendo Temple in Kyoto.To achieve the objects long-range shooting,the modification of the equipment was actively made which affected the shooting technique in other styles.