对《民法总则》数据保护规定的检视与完善

On the Examination and Perfection of the Data Protection Rules in the General Provisions of the Civil Law

在大数据盛行的数字化时代,对数据的法律保护意义重大。我国《民法总则》第一百二十七条规定:"法律对数据、网络虚拟财产的保护有规定的,依照其规定。"这是一般原则性保护。而《民法总则》及其他相关规定没有对被保护数据的内涵、权属、范围以及侵权方式进行定义,也未规定相应的违法责任、救济措施和诉讼机制,这将限制数据保护的法律适用与效果。应立足我国国情,结合数据的内涵、权属等因素,完善数据法律保护原则和规则。

In the digital age where big data is popular,legal protection of data is of great significance.Article127of the General Provisions of the Civil Law stipulates:“Where the law has provisions on the protection of data or online virtual assets,follow those provisions."which is a general principle of protection.Due to the General Provisions of the Civil Law and other relevant provisions,the connotation,ownership,scope and infringement methods of the protected data are not defined,and most of them do not stipulate corresponding illegal responsibilities,remedies and litigation mechanisms,which will limit the legal application and effect of the data protection.Therefore,the principles and rules of data legal protection should be perfected on the basis of China's national conditions,combined with the data's connotation,ownership and other factors.