保留盆腔神经的直肠癌手术治疗现状分析

Surgical treatment of rectal cancer with pelvic nerve preservation

直肠癌的手术治疗是目前直肠癌治疗领域的主要方法之一,但在未重视神经功能保护之前,受根治手术的局限性因素影响,对患者的正常排尿功能、性功能造成影响,甚至导致局部功能完全失调,术后盆腔功能神经的失调,一度成为治疗的缺憾。本文阐述保留盆腔神经的直肠癌根治术的现状;分析各种手术后对保留盆腔神经的效果;综述了前任学者在治疗直肠癌领域取得的成就和突破,其中根治性手术、姑息性手术、放化疗手术、术后联合中医治疗成为以直肠癌手术治疗为靶向的主要治疗方法。在逐项手术治疗领域里,以保留盆腔神经为主的直肠癌手术治疗成为研究领域的热点内容,其中直肠系膜切除术、盆腔多脏器整块切除、直肠癌切除乙状结肠肛管吻合术、结肠贮袋肛管吻合术、以神经为导向的腹腔镜直肠癌根治术等手术方法为更有效的治疗提供了条件。

Surgical treatment of rectal cancer is one of the main methods in the field of rectal cancer treatment.However,before the neuroprotective protection is concerned,the limitations of radical surgery affect the normal urinary function and sexual function of patients,and even Leading to complete dysfunction of the local function,postoperative pelvic dysfunction,once the treatment of defects.This article describes the current status of radical resection of pelvic nerves that preserves rectal cancer,analyzes the effects of various operations on preserving pelvic nerves,and reviews achievements and breakthroughs made by former scholars in the field of rectal cancer.Radical surgery,palliative surgery,Chemotherapy surgery,combined with traditional Chinese medicine after surgery as a surgical treatment of rectal cancer as the main treatment.In the field of surgical treatment one by one,surgery to treat pelvic nerves as the main rectal cancer has become a hot topic in the field of research,including mesorectal excision,pelvic multiple organ resection,resection of sigmoid colon anal canal anastomosis,colon Bag anal canal anastomosis,nerve-oriented laparoscopic radical mastectomy and other surgical methods for more effective treatment provided the conditions.