试论20世纪30年代内地与新疆间的交通勘探与建设——以绥新公路为中心

On the Transportation Exploration and Construction between Xinjiang and Interior Land in 1930s——Centered on Sui-Xin Road(绥新公路)

20世纪30年代,苏(俄)、英加强对新疆的势力渗透,中国政府囿于地方割据和交通梗阻,对新疆统合乏力,新疆游离态势明显。时论将交通建设作为统合新疆、消除边疆危机的重要方式,倡议修筑联通内地与新疆的公路。这种倡议在一定程度上转化为实践,商人自发成立了绥新长途汽车公司,致力于加强内地与新疆的沟通。斯文·赫定带领的绥新公路勘察队对西北交通的考察,说明政府层面亦将交通建设作为统合新疆的重要方式。

In 1930s,Soviet Union( Russia) and UK strengthened their penetration to Xinjiang,China 's central government,due to regional warlordism and transportation obstacle,lacked the strength to unified Xinjiang,so Xinjiang was obvious in a loose connection. Media commentary all considered the transportation as a method to unify Xinjiang and eliminate borderland crisis, and proposed building a road to connect Xinjiang and interior land. To some extent,these propositions came into practice, and some businessmen set up Sui-Xin Motor Company, endeavored to improve communication between Xinjiang and interior land. The northwest transportation exploration by a Sui-Xin road survey team headed by Sven Hedin,showed in government level the transportation construction was also considered as an important method to unify Xinjiang.