清代前期澎湖水师汛防制度探析

On Penghu Navy's Defense System in the Early Qing Dynasty

清代前期,澎湖的战略地位一直受到清朝的高度重视。为有效扼控台海,捍卫海疆,清朝仿元代设立巡检司,以水师一协两营驻扎澎湖,并构筑了由汛地、汛口、巡哨三位一体的汛防体系,以此作为澎湖海防的基石。受当时航海技术及军事装备的限制,汛防制度无疑是清朝"倚陆制海"的一条有效途径,但这也最终成为清代晚期海上门户洞开、有海无防局面形成的直接根源。

In the early Qing Dynasty, Penghu 's strategic position had always been emphasized. To effectively control Taiwan and the strait, defend sea frontier, the Qing Dynasty, following the Yuan Dynasty 's precedent,set up Xunjiansi(巡检司) in Penghu,with one Xie(协),two Ying(营) stationed there,formed a defense system consisting of stationed areas,harbors and separate patrol waters. Limited to seafaring technology and equipment, this defense system undoubtedly was an effective way to carry out the Qing Dynasty 's "based on land,to defend the sea "idea. But this also became the direct source of late Qing Dynasty 's situation of having sea,but without defense.