单眼视功能损害对双眼视影响的研究进展

Research Progress of the Effects of Monocular Visual Impairment on Binocular Vision

双眼视是指在大脑高级中枢把来自两眼的视觉信号进行分析,综合成一个完整的、具有立体感知觉印象的过程。在此过程中双眼相互影响使信号传出发生改变,称为双眼相互作用。通过一系列主观及客观实验证实双眼相互作用大致可以分为增强、平均与抑制三种形式,并且不同视觉状态下双眼相互作用的形式表现不同。日常生活中通常通过双眼相互作用对视觉信号进行加工,从而使双眼视与单眼视之间存在一定的差异。单眼视功能损害后可影响该差异的程度,从而影响双眼视。法医学鉴定工作者有必要对此深入研究,更全面地了解单眼视功能损害对视觉功能的实际影响程度。本文就单眼视功能损害对双眼视影响的机制、研究方法以及在法医学中的应用前景进行综述。

Binocular vision refers to a progress of analysing and integrating the binocular visual signals into a whole and three-dimensional sensory perception by higher nerve centre.In this process,the interac-tion between the two eyes results in the changes of output signal,which is called binocular interaction.Through a series of subjective and objective experiments,it can be concluded that binocular interaction can be divided into three types:facilitation,summation and suppression,and the forms of binocular interaction in different visual states are different.In general,the visual signal is processed by binocular interaction,so that there are some differences between binocular vision and monocular vision.The extent of the difference can be affected by the damage of monocular vision and then affects the binocular vision.Thus,it is necessary for forensic scientists to further study the effects of the monocular visual impairment on visual function.Based on relevant data,this paper reviews the mechanism of the monocular visual impairment in binocular vision,the research methods and the application prospect in forensic science.