释冤法律思想及其对现代司法的启示——以《折狱龟鉴》为中心

Enlightenment from Law Thought of Acquittal Towards Misjudged Trails to Modern Judicature: Centered on Trail Reference Zheyu Guijian

古代释冤法律思想最初产生于发现和平反冤狱的司法活动,在此基础上对释冤的经验、方法进行总结、提炼,最终形成司法官员严明矜谨、缘法裁判的观念、情感和思维方式。郑克著《折狱龟鉴》一书,是古代释冤法律思想的集中体现。将古代释冤法律思想运用于现代司法过程,可以对推进以审判为中心、排除非法证据、严格证明责任、健全错案发现和纠正机制、强化职业良知、落实司法责任制等起到借鉴作用。

The ancient law thought of acquittal towards misjudged trails originates from judicial activities to reveal and correct unjust trails,which summarizes and extracts judicial thoughts,and finally cultivates impartial and cautious moods of judicial officials.Trail Reference Zheyu Guijian written by Zhengke(Song Dynasty)is the representative reflection of the law thought of acquittal towards misjudged trails.The adaption of acquittal towards misjudged trails in modern judicature procedure could offer theoretical reference to reveal and redress misjudged cases.It would centered on trail,eliminate illegal evidences and regulate burden of proof system.Furthermore,the adaption of acquittal towards misjudged trails would reinforce professional conscience and judicial responsibility among modern judicature.