马克思哲学体系的两条线索--析《1844年经济学哲学手稿》第三个笔记本的逻辑统一性

Two Clues of Marx's Philosophical System:——The Analysis of the Logical Unity of the Third Notebook of The Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy of 1844

在马克思哲学体系的构建过程中一直贯穿着两条线索,一条线索是政治哲学上的,即"消解人在非神圣形象中的异化",所谓"解释世界",另一条线索是生存论意义上的,即为人类的生存找到一条现实的解放的道路,所谓"改变世界"。解释世界是为了改变世界。《1844年经济学哲学手稿》第三个笔记本也通过这两条线索体现了其逻辑统一性,即,通过对私有财产和异化劳动的分析揭示外在的世界对我们来说只是"存在着的无",通过黑格尔辩证法和整个哲学的批判则是揭示黑格尔的抽向世界也是"存在着的无",而马克思认为真正"存在"的世界是生产关系的改变,是人向人的本质的复归,是共产主义的实现。

There are two clues throughout the construction of the Marxist philosophical system.One is the dissimilation of the unholy image,the so-called interpretation of the world,which is in the realm of political philosophy.The other is the finding of a path of reality for human existence,the so-called change of the world,which is in the realm of the philosophy of existential theory.To explain the world is to change the world.The third notebook of The 1844 Economics and Philosophy Manuscript embodies the logical unity of the two clues.That is,the analysis of private property and alienated labor reveals that the external world is just nothing to us.The critique to the dialectic and the whole philosophy of Hegel is to reveal that Hegel's abstract world is but an“existing nothing”.Marx thinks that the real world is the change of the relationship of production,the return to the essence of humankind,and the realization of communism.